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Myotonia Congenita

Myotonia Congenita

Gene

Myotonia congenita is the muscle stiffness that defines Myotonic (fainting) goats: after a sudden movement or a scare the muscles are slow to relax, and the goat may stiffen or fall over for a few seconds. It is caused by a change in the muscle chloride channel gene CLCN1 and has also been found in Nigerian Dwarfs. Sources disagree on whether one copy is enough to show it.

How Myotonia Congenita works

How Myotonia Congenita is inherited isn't settled yet.

UC Davis VGL and ADGA treat it as recessive: a goat with one copy (N/CM) is not expected to show signs. OMIA lists it as dominant, so one copy could show signs; no published goat breeding study settles it.

Class
Not settled
One copy
N/CM (one copy)
Two copies
CM/CM
Symbol
CM

Reported risk · Health

Goats with two copies (CM/CM) stiffen and can fall over briefly when startled, and very frequent stiffness is reported to limit how well a goat uses its surroundings. With one copy (N/CM), VGL and ADGA expect no signs; OMIA's dominant listing means signs could appear.

DNA testing

Results are written N/N, N/CM and CM/CM.

Registries

The Myotonic Goat Registry treats stiffness as part of breed type; the American Dairy Goat Association treats it as an undesirable disorder and records Clear, Carrier or Affected without affecting registration.

Where sources disagree

OMIA lists autosomal dominant inheritance without goat breeding data. The 2014 paper often cited for that reading is a cat study repeating a goat sentence from Beck 1996; it does not supply goat segregation data. The laboratory and ADGA describe unaffected carriers.

What it looks like

Illustrations of typical animals, checked against the sources below. Not photos of DNA-tested animals.

Myotonic doe in a relaxed standing stance.
Calm standingMyotonic goat between episodes.
The same Myotonic doe standing upright with stiff extended legs.
Stiff-leggedBrief muscle stiffness while still on her feet.

Sources

Show all 10 sources

Quick facts

Guides & articles
28

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Guides & articles

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