Grade
Grade cattle are not a distinct breed; the term refers to domestic cattle that are unregistered, mixed-bred, or not eligible for a purebred herdbook. A grade Holstein-looking cow, Angus-type steer, or Jersey-cross heifer may strongly resemble a known breed, but its ancestry is incomplete or intentionally commercial. In beef and dairy production, grade animals are common because performance, fertility, and fit for the farm can matter more than pedigree status.
Practical buying decisions for grade cattle should be based on the individual animal and the herd it came from. Milk records, growth, pregnancy status, feet and legs, temperament, vaccination history, and testing for local diseases are more useful than color or breed label alone. Commercial breeders often use grade cows as the base for planned crossbreeding, choosing bulls to add calving ease, milk, carcass merit, or heat tolerance. The limitation is mainly administrative: grade cattle may be excluded from breed shows, seedstock sales, or registered purebred breeding programs.
Colors: Belted, Black, Black and White, Black and White Speckled, Black Lineback, Black with White, Black with White Belt, Black with White Face, Black with White Topline, Black with White Underline, Blaze Faced, Blonde, Blue, Blue/Black and White, Blue-Gray, Blue Roan, Blue Roan Lineback, Brindle, Brindle Parti, Brockle Faced, Brown, Brown and White, Brown-Gray, Brown with White Patches, Bus Dubh, Cherry Red, Cream, Cream White, Dark Brown, Dark Gray, Dark Red, Deep Red, Dominant Black with Wild Type, Dun, Dun and White, Dun Lineback, Dun Tipped, Dun with White Belt, Fawn, Gold, Gold and White, Golden, Golden Red, Gray, Gray Brown, Gray White, Gray-White, Grey, Grulla, Highbelt, Highpark, Light Brown, Light Gray, Light Gray to Dark Fawn, Light Gray to Dark Gray, Light Red to Dark Red, Light Wheat to Dark Wheat, Light Yellow to Dark Fawn with White Markings, Line Back, Lineback, Mahogany and White, Mottled, Off-White, Orange, Pied, Red, Red and White, Red and White Sided, Reddish-Brown, Red Lineback, Red Roan, Red Spots, Red with Dun Points, Red with White Back and Underline, Red with White Belt, Red with White Face, Red with White Patches, Red with White Underline and Crest, Rich Ruby Red, Riggit, Riggit (White-Backed), Roan, Silver, Silver with White Belt, Solid Black, Solid Red, Solid White, Some White Markings, Speckled, Spotted, Various, Wheat, Wheat Colored, White, White and Blue-Gray, White Faced, White Markings, White with Black Points, White with Black Tips, White with Dun Points, White with Dun Tips, White with Red Points, White with Red Tips, White with Silver Points, White with Yellow Points, Yellow, Yellow and White, Yellow Brindle, Yellow with White Belt
