Grade
Grade water buffalo are animals without full purebred registration or documented pedigree, even when they resemble a recognized breed. A grade cow may be mostly Murrah, Mediterranean, Jafarabadi, or another river type, or she may come from long-running local mixtures where ancestry was never formally recorded. The word grade does not automatically mean poor quality; many productive buffalo in dairy and smallholder herds are grade animals selected by milk, fertility, survivability, or work ability.
For owners, grade buffalo are best evaluated by health, temperament, age, reproductive history, and actual production. They can be useful in grade-up programs when bred to well-chosen bulls, but offspring should be represented honestly if ancestry or breed percentages are incomplete. They still require secure handling facilities, hoof and parasite care, shade or water for cooling, adequate roughage, and minerals suited to the local forage.
Colors: Black, Black-Brown, Black-Gray, Black with White Markings, Copper Black, Dark Gray, Gray-Black, Jet Black, White Walled (Black with White Face)
