Madagascar Hissing Cockroach

Gromphadorhina portentosa

The Madagascar hissing cockroach, Gromphadorhina portentosa, is a large wingless roach from the forest floor of Madagascar. Its audible hiss is produced by pushing air through abdominal spiracles, a sound used in alarm and in male contests. Adults are broad, glossy brown to black, and males often show heavier pronotal bumps that look like small horns. Unlike many household pest roaches, this species is a slow-moving decomposer that feeds on fallen fruit, leaf litter, and other organic material; females carry the egg case internally and give birth to live nymphs.

It is widely kept in classrooms, insect collections, laboratories, and as feeder or display invertebrates; animals sold under this name may include related hissers or hybrids unless sourced carefully. A colony needs a secure ventilated enclosure, warm conditions, moderate humidity, bark or egg-crate hides, and a diet of vegetables, fruit, grains, and a modest protein source. Smooth-sided tanks should have tight lids or a barrier near the rim, because nymphs climb well. Keepers usually remove moldy food quickly and avoid releasing surplus animals; permits or restrictions may apply in some regions.