Black Swan

Cygnus atratus

The black swan (Cygnus atratus) is the large dark swan native to Australia, with established or managed populations in some other regions. It has black body plumage, a red bill, and white flight feathers that show clearly when the wings are open. Black swans use lakes, rivers, estuaries, reservoirs, and wetlands, feeding mainly on submerged and floating vegetation. They often form lasting pairs, and breeding groups can be more social than many northern swans.

In parks, farms, and waterfowl collections, black swans need clean water deep enough for bathing, safe shorelines, grazing access, and shelter from predators or extreme weather. They are ornamental birds, but they are still strong territorial waterfowl during nesting and should not be crowded with smaller species. Balanced waterfowl feed, greens, and natural forage are better than bread. Managers also watch wing condition, foot health, and local rules, since escaped birds can establish populations where nonnative swans are not wanted.