Tule

Tule elk are the California endemic form of Cervus canadensis, usually classified as Cervus canadensis nannodes. They are smaller and often paler than Roosevelt or Rocky Mountain elk, with a gray-brown to light brown coat, pale rump patch, and antlers that look modest in proportion to the larger coastal and mountain forms. The name comes from tule marsh habitat in the Central Valley, although modern herds also use grasslands, oak foothills, and protected coastal or interior reserves. After surviving in very low numbers in the nineteenth century, tule elk became an important wildlife recovery story in California.

Most tule elk are managed as public wildlife rather than private livestock. Conservation work centers on maintaining habitat, reducing fence entanglement, monitoring herd size, moving animals to suitable ranges, and keeping conflicts with ranching or crops from undermining support for the herds. Zoos and sanctuaries that hold tule elk need large, dry paddocks, shade, browse or hay, and safe separation during the rut. Because populations were rebuilt from a narrow base, source history and regional management plans matter when animals are moved.

Colors: Gray-Brown, Pale Brown