Laboratory Nematode

Caenorhabditis elegans

The laboratory nematode, scientifically known as *Caenorhabditis elegans*, is a small, transparent roundworm that has been instrumental in biological research due to its simplicity and genetic tractability. Typically measuring about 1 mm in length, these nematodes inhabit temperate soil environments and feed on bacteria. They exhibit a clear, simple anatomy, having only about 1,000 somatic cells in adults, which makes them ideal for developmental and neurological studies. Notably, *C. elegans* was the first multicellular organism to have its entire genome sequenced, uncovering valuable information about genetic and cellular processes. This species reproduces quickly, predominantly via self-fertilizing hermaphrodites, although males do exist and contribute to genetic diversity. With well-mapped neural circuits and a fully characterized cell lineage, *C. elegans* is a cornerstone of research in genetics, neurobiology, and developmental biology. This modest nematode continues to provide profound insights into cellular processes and human disease at a fundamental level.