European Hedgehog

Erinaceus europaeus

The European Hedgehog, scientifically known as *Erinaceus europaeus*, is a small, nocturnal mammal native to Europe, though it has also been introduced to New Zealand. Sporting a distinctive coat of spines, these spines are modified hairs made of keratin, serving as a formidable defense mechanism against predators. Measuring between 20 to 30 centimeters in length and weighing around 400 to 1200 grams, the European Hedgehog is characterized by its compact body and short limbs, which support its fossorial and insectivorous lifestyle. As omnivores, their diet is varied, including insects, earthworms, snails, and occasionally fruits and fungi. The European Hedgehog is known for its unique behavior of curling into a tight ball when threatened, effectively using its spiky armor to deter threats. They typically inhabit a range of environments, from woodlands and grasslands to urban gardens, adapting well to diverse habitats. During the colder months, these animals enter hibernation, conserving energy until warmer temperatures return. Unfortunately, due to habitat loss, road traffic, and other human-related challenges, their populations in many areas are declining, prompting conservation efforts to help protect this iconic species.