American Bison

Bison bison

The American Bison (Bison bison), a keystone species of the North American plains, is the continent's largest terrestrial mammal. Distinctive for its massive hump over its shoulders and robust, shaggy mane, the bison is well-adapted to the diverse climates of prairies and grasslands. Adult males, known as bulls, can weigh up to 2,200 pounds, while females, or cows, are smaller, typically weighing around 1,000 pounds. Sporting a dark brown coat that thickens in the winter, bison are well-suited to withstand harsh conditions. Social creatures, they typically form large herds, which play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem health by influencing plant community dynamics and providing habitat for other species. Bison have a fascinating history intertwined with Native American cultures and were once on the brink of extinction due to overhunting and habitat loss. Conservation efforts have successfully led to a resurgence in bison populations across protected areas, symbolizing both resilience and the importance of biodiversity preservation.